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Saint-Malo City Guide 4.0
Saint-Malo is a walled port city in Brittanyin northwestern France on the English Channel. It is asub-prefecture of the Ille-et-Vilaine.Traditionally with an independent streak, Saint-Malo was in thepast notorious for privateering (the "cité corsaire"). Today thecity is a major tourist destination, with many ancient, attractivebuildings.Saint-Malo during the Middle Ages was a fortified island at themouth of the Rance River, controlling not only the estuary but theopen sea beyond. The promontory fort of Aleth, south of the moderncentre in what is now the Saint-Servan district, commandedapproaches to the Rance even before the Romans, but modernSaint-Malo traces its origins to a monastic settlement founded bySaint Aaron and Saint Brendan early in the sixth century. Its nameis derived from a man said to have been a follower of Brendan,Saint Malo or Maclou.Saint-Malo is the setting of Marie de France's poem "Laustic,"an 11th-century love story. The city had a tradition of assertingits autonomy in dealings with the French authorities and even withthe local Breton authorities. From 1590 to 1593, Saint-Malodeclared itself to be an independent republic, taking the motto"not French, not Breton, but Malouin."Saint-Malo became notorious as the home of the corsairs, Frenchprivateers and sometimes pirates. In the 19th century, this"piratical" notoriety was portrayed in Jean Richepin's play Leflibustier and in César Cui's eponymous opera. The corsairs ofSaint-Malo not only forced English ships passing up the Channel topay tribute, but also brought wealth from further afield. JacquesCartier, who sailed the Saint Lawrence River and visited the sitesof Quebec City and Montreal, and is thus credited as the discovererof Canada, lived in and sailed from Saint-Malo, as did the firstcolonists to settle the Falkland Islands, hence the Islands' Frenchname "Îles Malouines," which eventually gave rise to the Spanishname "Islas Malvinas." In 1758, the Raid on St Malo saw a Britishexpedition land intending to capture the town. However, the Britishmade no attempt on Saint-Malo, and instead occupied the nearby townof Saint-Servan, where they destroyed 30 privateers beforedeparting.In World War II, during fighting in late August and earlySeptember 1944, the historic walled city of Saint-Malo was almosttotally destroyed by American shelling and bombing as well asBritish naval gunfire. Saint-Malo was rebuilt over a 12-year periodfrom 1948-1960.Saint-Malo was the site of an Anglo-French summit in 1998 thatled to a significant agreement regarding European defencepolicy.Enjoy your stay in Saint-Malo !
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